init

lab1/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Makefile for building mpi_hello_world from mpi_hello_world.c
+MPICC ?= mpicc
+MPIRUN ?= mpirun
+CFLAGS ?= -O2 -Wall
+TARGET := $(basename $(SRC))
+SRC := mpi_hello_world.c serial_pi.c mpi_pi.c
+
+.PHONY: all clean run
+
+all: $(TARGET)
+
+$(TARGET): $(SRC)
+	$(MPICC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $<
+
+run: $(TARGET)
+	$(MPIRUN) -np 4 ./$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(TARGET)

lab1/do_lab.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# cd to the directory where this script lives
+cd "$(dirname "$0")"
+
+echo "Running make..."
+make
+
+# detect MPI launcher
+if command -v mpirun >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    MPI_LAUNCHER=mpirun
+    MPI_FLAG="-np"
+elif command -v mpiexec >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    MPI_LAUNCHER=mpiexec
+    MPI_FLAG="-n"
+else
+    echo "Error: neither mpirun nor mpiexec found in PATH." >&2
+    exit 2
+fi
+
+# detect number of processes (fallback to 4)
+if command -v nproc >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    NP=$(nproc)
+elif [ -n "${NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS-}" ]; then
+    NP=$NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS
+else
+    NP=4
+fi
+
+echo "Using $MPI_LAUNCHER $MPI_FLAG $NP"
+
+# helper to measure elapsed "real" time (seconds) while also showing program output
+measure_time() {
+    local label="$1"; shift
+    local -a cmd=("$@")
+    echo "---- Running: $label ----"
+    echo "Command: ${cmd[*]}"
+
+    local outfile timefile
+    outfile=$(mktemp)
+    timefile=$(mktemp)
+
+    if command -v /usr/bin/time >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        # /usr/bin/time prints real time with %e (seconds) into timefile
+        /usr/bin/time -f "%e" -o "$timefile" "${cmd[@]}" 2>&1 | tee "$outfile"
+        elapsed=$(<"$timefile")
+    else
+        # bash builtin time: capture stderr (which receives the timing) and stdout separately
+        TIMEFORMAT='%R'
+        { time "${cmd[@]}" 1> "$outfile"; } 2> "$timefile"
+        elapsed=$(<"$timefile")
+        # also print program output
+        cat "$outfile"
+    fi
+
+    rm -f "$outfile" "$timefile"
+    # normalize elapsed to a number (strip spaces)
+    echo "${elapsed//[[:space:]]/}"
+}
+
+# ensure executables exist
+for exe in mpi_hello_world mpi_pi serial_pi; do
+    if [ ! -x "./$exe" ]; then
+        echo "Error: executable ./$exe not found or not executable. Did make build it?" >&2
+        exit 3
+    fi
+done
+
+# run mpi_hello_world (show output, don't measure for comparison)
+echo "==> Executing mpi_hello_world"
+"$MPI_LAUNCHER" "$MPI_FLAG" "$NP" ./mpi_hello_world
+
+# measure mpi_pi
+mpi_elapsed=$(measure_time "mpi_pi" "$MPI_LAUNCHER" "$MPI_FLAG" "$NP" ./mpi_pi)
+
+# measure serial_pi
+serial_elapsed=$(measure_time "serial_pi" ./serial_pi)
+
+# compute comparison
+# protect against zero
+if awk "BEGIN{exit($mpi_elapsed <= 0)}"; then
+    echo "Error: measured mpi_pi time is zero or negative." >&2
+    exit 4
+fi
+
+speedup=$(awk -v s="$serial_elapsed" -v m="$mpi_elapsed" 'BEGIN{ if(m==0){print "inf"; exit} printf "%.3f", s/m }')
+diff=$(awk -v s="$serial_elapsed" -v m="$mpi_elapsed" 'BEGIN{printf "%.3f", s-m }')
+
+echo
+echo "Summary:"
+echo "  mpi_pi   time (s): $mpi_elapsed"
+echo "  serial_pi time (s): $serial_elapsed"
+echo "  Difference (serial - mpi) (s): $diff"
+echo "  Speedup (serial / mpi): $speedup x"
+
+exit 0

lab1/mpi_hello_world.c

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include <mpi.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+	// Initialize the MPI environment. The two arguments to MPI Init are not
+	// currently used by MPI implementations, but are there in case future
+	// implementations might need the arguments.
+	MPI_Init(NULL, NULL);
+	
+	// Get the number of processes
+	int world_size;
+	MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &world_size);
+	
+	// Get the rank of the process
+	int world_rank;
+	MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &world_rank);
+	
+	// Get the name of the processor
+	char processor_name[MPI_MAX_PROCESSOR_NAME];
+	int name_len;
+	
+	MPI_Get_processor_name(processor_name, &name_len);
+	
+	// Print off a hello world message
+	printf("Hello world from processor %s, rank %d out of %d processors\n", processor_name, world_rank, world_size);
+	
+	// Finalize the MPI environment. No more MPI calls can be made after this
+	MPI_Finalize();
+}

lab1/mpi_pi.c

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <mpi.h>
+
+/* We define pi here so we can check and see how accurate our computation is. */
+#define PI 3.141592653589793238462643
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+	MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
+
+	int processes, pe;
+
+	MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &processes);
+	MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &pe);
+
+	/* Let's prompt for the number of intervals. We'll broadcast whatever
+	* process 0 reads to the other processes. We could use command line
+	* arguments instead, but then there'd be no reason to broadcast! */
+
+	int intervals;
+	if (pe == 0) {
+		printf("Number of intervals: ");
+		fflush(stdout);
+		scanf("%d", &intervals);
+	}
+
+double time1 = MPI_Wtime();
+
+	MPI_Bcast(&intervals, 1, MPI_INT, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+
+	int count = intervals / processes;
+	int start = count * pe;
+	int end = count * pe + count;
+	int i;
+	double subtotal, total = 0;
+
+	for (i = start; i < end; ++i) {
+		subtotal += pow(-1, i) / (2 * i + 1);
+	}
+
+	MPI_Reduce(&subtotal, &total, 1, MPI_DOUBLE, MPI_SUM, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+
+	double time2 = MPI_Wtime();
+
+	if (pe == 0) {
+		total = total * 4;
+		printf("Result: %.10lf\n", total);
+
+		printf("Accuracy: %.10lf\n", PI - total);
+		printf("Time: %.10lf\n", time2 - time1);
+	}
+	
+	MPI_Finalize();
+}

lab1/serial_pi.c

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/* 
+*  File: pi-c.c
+*  Purpose: Estimates pi using the Leibniz formula (in C).
+*  Compile: gcc -o pi-c pi-c.c -lm
+*  Run: ./pi-c
+*/
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+/* We define pi here so we can check and see how accurate our computation is. */
+#define PI 3.141592653589793238462643
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+	int intervals;
+	printf("Number of intervals: ");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	scanf("%d", &intervals);
+
+	clock_t time1 = clock();
+
+	int i;
+	double sum, total = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < intervals; ++i) {
+		total += pow(-1, i) / (2 * i + 1);
+	}
+
+	clock_t time2 = clock();
+	
+	total = total * 4;
+	printf("Result: %.10lf\n", total);
+	printf("Accuracy: %.10lf\n", PI - total);
+	printf("Time:
+	%.10lf\n", (double)(time2 - time1)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
+}

lab2/pthread/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+CC = gcc
+CFLAGS = -Wall -Wextra -O2
+LDLIBS = -lpthread
+
+SRCS := $(wildcard *.c)
+BINS := $(SRCS:.c=)
+
+.PHONY: all clean
+
+all: $(BINS)
+
+%: %.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $< $(LDLIBS)
+
+clean:
+	-rm -f $(BINS) *.o

lab2/pthread/count_words_par.c

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+
+FILE *fd;
+int TotalEvenWords = 0, TotalOddWords = 0, TotalWords = 0;
+int GetNextLine(FILE *f, char *Line)
+{
+	if (fgets(Line, 132, f)==NULL) if (feof(f))return EOF; else return 1;
+}
+
+int GetWordAndLetterCount(char *Line)
+{
+	int Word_Count = 0, Letter_Count = 0;
+	for (int i=0;i<132;i++)
+	{
+		if ((Line[i]!=' ')&&(Line[i]!=0)&&(Line[i]!='\n')) Letter_Count++;
+		else {
+			if (Letter_Count % 2) {
+				TotalOddWords++;
+				Word_Count++;
+				Letter_Count = 0;
+			}
+			else {
+				TotalEvenWords++;
+				Word_Count++;
+				Letter_Count = 0;
+			}
+			if (Line[i]==0) break;
+		}
+	}
+	return (Word_Count);
+	// encode two return values
+}
+
+int CountWords()
+{
+	bool bDone = false;
+	char inLine[132];
+	while (!bDone)
+	{
+		bDone = (GetNextLine(fd, inLine) == EOF);
+		if (!bDone){
+			TotalWords += GetWordAndLetterCount(inLine) ;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	fd = fopen("./InFile1.txt", "r"); // Open file for read
+	struct timeval TimeStampStart, TimeStampStop;
+	double ExeTime;
+
+	gettimeofday(&TimeStampStart, NULL);
+	
+	CountWords();
+	
+	gettimeofday(&TimeStampStop, NULL);
+	
+	ExeTime = (double)(TimeStampStop.tv_sec - TimeStampStart.tv_sec) +
+	(double)(TimeStampStop.tv_usec - TimeStampStart.tv_usec) * 1e-6;
+
+	fclose(fd);
+	
+	printf("Total Words = %8d\n", TotalWords);
+	printf("Total Even Words = %7d\nTotal Odd Words = %7d\n", TotalEvenWords, TotalOddWords);
+	printf("The time to count word was %f seconds\n", (ExeTime));
+	return 0;
+}

lab2/pthread/count_words_ser.c

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+
+FILE *fd;
+int TotalEvenWords = 0, TotalOddWords = 0, TotalWords = 0;
+int GetNextLine(FILE *f, char *Line)
+{
+	if (fgets(Line, 132, f)==NULL) if (feof(f))return EOF; else return 1;
+}
+
+int GetWordAndLetterCount(char *Line)
+{
+	int Word_Count = 0, Letter_Count = 0;
+	for (int i=0;i<132;i++)
+	{
+		if ((Line[i]!=' ')&&(Line[i]!=0)&&(Line[i]!='\n')) Letter_Count++;
+		else {
+			if (Letter_Count % 2) {
+				TotalOddWords++;
+				Word_Count++;
+				Letter_Count = 0;
+			}
+			else {
+				TotalEvenWords++;
+				Word_Count++;
+				Letter_Count = 0;
+			}
+			if (Line[i]==0) break;
+		}
+	}
+	return (Word_Count);
+	// encode two return values
+}
+
+int CountWords()
+{
+	bool bDone = false;
+	char inLine[132];
+	while (!bDone)
+	{
+		bDone = (GetNextLine(fd, inLine) == EOF);
+		if (!bDone){
+			TotalWords += GetWordAndLetterCount(inLine) ;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	fd = fopen("./InFile1.txt", "r"); // Open file for read
+	struct timeval TimeStampStart, TimeStampStop;
+	double ExeTime;
+
+	gettimeofday(&TimeStampStart, NULL);
+	
+	CountWords();
+	
+	gettimeofday(&TimeStampStop, NULL);
+	
+	ExeTime = (double)(TimeStampStop.tv_sec - TimeStampStart.tv_sec) +
+	(double)(TimeStampStop.tv_usec - TimeStampStart.tv_usec) * 1e-6;
+
+	fclose(fd);
+	
+	printf("Total Words = %8d\n", TotalWords);
+	printf("Total Even Words = %7d\nTotal Odd Words = %7d\n", TotalEvenWords, TotalOddWords);
+	printf("The time to count word was %f seconds\n", (ExeTime));
+	return 0;
+}

lab2/pthread/pi.c

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+long long num_steps = 1000000000;
+double step;
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+	struct timeval TimeStampStart, TimeStampStop;
+	double ExeTime;
+	double x, pi, sum=0.0;
+	int i;
+	step = 1./(double)num_steps;
+	
+	gettimeofday(&TimeStampStart, NULL);
+
+	for (i=0; i<num_steps; i++)
+	{
+		x = (i + .5)*step;
+		sum = sum + 4.0/(1.+ x*x);
+	}
+	pi = sum*step;
+	
+	gettimeofday(&TimeStampStop, NULL);
+ExeTime = (double)(TimeStampStop.tv_sec - TimeStampStart.tv_sec) + (double)(TimeStampStop.tv_usec - TimeStampStart.tv_usec) * 1e-6;
+	
+	printf("The value of PI is %15.12f\n",pi);
+	printf("The time to calculate PI was %f seconds\n", (ExeTime));
+
+	return 0;
+}

lab2/pthread/pthread_hello.c

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+const int NumThreads = 16;
+ 
+static void* HelloFunc(void* pArg)
+{
+	printf("Hello Thread %d !\n", *((int*)pArg));
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	int Num[NumThreads];
+
+	pthread_t ThreadIDs[NumThreads];
+	pthread_attr_t attr[NumThreads];
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < NumThreads; i++) {
+		Num[i] = i;
+		pthread_attr_init(&attr[i]);
+		pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr[i], PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);
+	}
+	for (int i = 0; i < NumThreads; i++) {
+		int err = pthread_create(&ThreadIDs[i], &attr[i], HelloFunc, (void*)&Num[i]);
+
+		if(err != 0) {
+			printf("ERROR: pthread_create() return code: %d\n", err);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	for (int i = 0; i < NumThreads; i++) {
+		pthread_join(ThreadIDs[i], NULL);
+        printf("Thread %d end !\n", i);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}